Amiga Plus 1995 #2

home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search

/ Amiga Plus 1995 #2 / Amiga Plus CD - 1995 - No. 2.iso / internet / faq / englisch / soc.culture.pakistan < prev next >

Wrap

Text File | 1995-04-11 | 48.8 KB | 1,400 lines

Archive-name: pakistan-faq Posting-Frequency: monthly Last-modified: 1994/11/18 Version: 2.0 Organization: Alumni Association, Caltech, Pasadena, California. U.S.A. ***** ANSWERS TO FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ********* READ THIS BEFORE YOU POST A QUERY. This message is automatically posted once a month to provide answers to commonly asked questions on this forum. If you have any contributions or changes to this document please send me an email message. If you never wish you see this document again, please add the above subject in your KILL file. Sincerely, Asim Mughal (mughal@caltech.edu) Soc.Culture.Pakistan FAQ Maintainer [Standard Disclaimer] ================================================================= NOTE: This FAQ posting is now in USENET digest format. If you are using "rn" (or it derivatives) to read news ^G (Ctrl- G) will take you to the next question. If you are using any other news reader search for the next line that begins with "Subject:". ================================================================= ***************************************************************** This periodic posting is now archived. It is available via anonymous ftp from rtfm.mit.edu (18.70.0.209) OR sending email to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with the body of the message as send usenet/news.answers/pakistan-faq quit ****************************************************************** ***************************************************************** == NEW INFO in this revision = a. Brain.net electronic services to Pakistan b. Pakistan Visa Info & Fee c. WWW Home pages on Pakistan Contents: 1) History & Charter of Soc.Culture.Pakistan 2) Info on Pakistan 3) Addresses of Pakistan Embassy & Consulates in US 4) Pakistan Government Listing 1/10/94 5) Information on Remitting Money to Pakistan 6) FTP sites for Info on Pakistan [gifs, info etc] 7) Pakistani Newspapers / Magazine Subscriptions 8) Pakistan News Service [News & Info on Pakistan] 9) Network Domains In Pakistan 10) Electronic Services to Pakistan [Email/Fax etc] 11) Rates & Charges of Electronic Services to Pakistan 12) Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah - The Founder of Pakistan 13) Allama Iqbal - The National Poet of Pakistan 14) Telephone Area Codes for All Cities 15) Currency Exchange Rates for Pakistani Rupees 16) Mailings Lists: "Pak-scholars" & "Pak-students" 17) U.S. Immigration Info 18) U.S. Embassy/Consulates In Pakistan & Pakistan Visa Info 19) H-1 Visa Info: Mexico & Canada 20) Baby Names! 21) National Anthem of Pakistan (with English Translation) 22) World Wide Web Home Pages on Pakistan 23) USENET Statistics on Soc.Culture.Pakistan. 24) This FAQ: Archive Info, History & Credits ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 1) History & Charter of Soc.Culture.Pakistan A- Call for Discussion: By: Ali Raja (araja@smu!ti-csl!m2.ti.com) Posted: 6 Feb '90 B- Call for Votes: By: Junaid Ahmed Zubairi (jzubairi@rodan.acs.syr.edu) Posted: 1 Mar '90 Voting Period: 26 Feb '90 - 18 Mar '90 ______________________________________________________________________________ CALL FOR DISCUSSION: [Original Text] ____________________________________ Newsgroups: soc.culture.indian,soc.culture.turkish,soc.culture.arabic,talk.polit ics.mideast,news.announce.newgroups Subject: Call for discussion -- soc.culture.pakistan Date: 6 Feb 90 21:24:33 GMT Sender: news@smu!ti-csl!ti-csl.ti.com Lines: 20 This is a formal call for discussion for the creation of the newsgroup soc.culture.pakistan. Discussions related to Pakistani issues are usually carried out in soc.culture.indian. However, there are a number of issues that are relevant to Pakistan that are not relevant to soc.culture.indian. I feel that the number of articles seems to justify the creation of this newsgroup. I am making a formal call for discussion for the newsgroup. The discussion period will extend for two weeks until at least, 21st Feburary 1990. A call for votes, if it is deemed suitable will them be issued after that point. Please post all discussion articles to news.groups, where such discussions usually take place, and/or soc.culture.indian, which has seen more than its fair share of such discussions. _____________________________________________________________________________ CALL FOR VOTES: [Original Text] INCLUDES CHARTER ________________________________________________ From jzubairi@rodan.acs.syr.edu Tue Feb 18 00:21:38 1992 Date: Thu, 1 Mar 90 11:24:52 EST From: jzubairi@rodan.acs.syr.edu (Junaid Ahmed Zubairi) Newsgroups: news.announce.newgroups,news.groups Subject: CALL FOR VOTES: soc.culture.pakistan Organization: Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY This is the formal "call for votes" for the creation of a world-wide, UNMODERATED Soc.Culture.Pakistan newsgroup on USENET. The discussion period for creation of soc.culture.pakistan has already ended and a lot of interest was observed during the discussion period. The proposed newsgroup is intended to generally provide a medium for those interested to express, share, and exchange their views, ideas, and feelings about Pakistan and Pakistani culture. Possible discussion issues include aspects of Pakistani - culture, history, philosophy, ideology, geography; - societies, traditions, customs; - literature, poetry, art, folklore; - languages, books; - science, technology; - food, cookery; - local events, news, programs, economy; - communities abroad, problems, needs; and - *things* normally discussed in the "soc.culture" newsgroups. To Vote, send an e-mail to: jzubairi@rodan.acs.syr.edu OR simply reply to this message. Voting period will last from Feb 26th, until Midnight, March 18th, 1990. As per USENET newsgroup creation guidelines, - Votes MUST be explicit; they should be of the form "I vote (YES) for the creation of newsgroup soc.culture.Pakistan as proposed" or "I vote against (NO for) the creation of newsgroup soc.culture.Pakistan as proposed". The wording doesn't have to be exact, it just needs to be unambiguous. In particular, statements of the form "I would vote for this group if..." are considered COMMENTS and will NOT be counted as votes. - Only votes that arrive DURING the voting period will be counted. - ONLY votes E-MAILED to the vote-taker will count. - Votes POSTED to the net for any reason (including inability to get mail to the vote-taker) and proxy votes (such as having a mailing list maintainer claim a vote for each member of the list) will NOT be counted. - At the end of the voting period, if 100 more YES/create votes are received than NO/don't create votes AND at least 2/3 of the total number of valid votes received are in favor of the creation, a newgroup control message will be sent out. If the 100 vote margin or 2/3 portion is not met, the newsgroup will not be created. Junaid Zubairi Vote-taker ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 2) Info on Pakistan PAKISTAN GEOGRAPHY: Total area: 803,940 km2 Land area: 778,720 km2 Land boundaries: 6,774 km total; Afghanistan 2,430 km, China 523 km, India 2,912 km, Iran 909 km Climate: mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in north Environment: frequent earthquakes, occasionally severe especially in north and west; flooding along the Indus after heavy rains (July and August); deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; water logging PAKISTAN PEOPLE: Population: 121,664,539 (July 1992), growth rate 2.9% (199222) Birth rate: 43 births/1,000 population (1992) Death rate: 13 deaths/1,000 population (1992) Net migration rate: -1 migrant/1,000 population (1992) Infant mortality rate: 105 deaths/1,000 live births (1992) Life expectancy at birth: 56 years male, 57 years female (1992) Total fertility rate: 6.6 children born/woman (1992) Nationality: noun - Pakistani(s); adjective - Pakistani Ethnic divisions: Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtun (Pathan), Baloch, Muhajir Religions: Muslim 97% (Sunni 77%, Shi`a 20%), Christian, Hindu, and other 3% Languages: Urdu and English (both official); total spoken languages - Punjabi 64%, Sindhi 12%, Pashtu 8%, Urdu 7%, Balochi and other 9%; English is lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government ministries, but official policies are promoting its gradual replacement by Urdu Literacy: 35% (male 47%, female 21%) age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.) Labor force: 28,900,000; agriculture 54%, mining and manufacturing 13%, services 33%; extensive export of labor (1987 est.) Organized labor: about 10% of industrial work force PAKISTAN GOVERNMENT: Long-form name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan Type: Parliamentary with strong executive, federal republic Capital: Islamabad Administrative divisions: 4 provinces, 1 territory*, and 1 capital territory**; Balochistan, Federally Administered Tribal Areas*, Islamabad Capital Territory**, North-West Frontier, Punjab, Sindh; note - the Pakistani-administered portion of the disputed Jammu and Kashmir region includes Azad Kashmir and the Northern Areas Independence: 14 August 1947 (from UK; formerly West Pakistan) Constitution: 10 April 1973, suspended 5 July 1977, restored with amendments, 30 December 1985 Legal system: based on English common law with provisions to accommodate Pakistan's stature as an Islamic state; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations National holiday: Pakistan Resolution Day (proclamation of the republic), 23 March (1956) Executive branch: president, prime minister, Cabinet Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament (Majlis-e-Shoora) consists of an upper house or Senate and a lower house or National Assembly Judicial branch: Supreme Court, Federal Islamic (Shari`at) Court Flag: Green with a vertical white band on the hoist side; a large white crescent and star are centered in the green field; the crescent, star, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam PAKISTAN ECONOMY: GNP: exchange rate conversion - $45.4 billion, per capita $380; real growth rate 4.8% (FY91 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 12.3% (FY91) Unemployment rate: 10% (FY91 est.) Budget: revenues $6.4 billion; expenditures $10 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.6 billion (FY92 est.) Ports: Gwadar, Karachi, Port Muhammad bin Qasim Airports: 112 total, 104 usable; 75 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways over 3,659 m; 31 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 43 with runways 1,220-2,439 m Telecommunications: good international communication service over microwave and INTELSAT satellite; domestic communications poor; 813,000 telephones (1990); broadcast service good; broadcast stations - 19 AM, 8 FM, 29 TV; satellite earth stations - 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 2 Indian Ocean INTELS ADDITIONAL INFO (A.J.Shah) National game : Hockey National flower : Jasmin National dress : Shalwar Qameez National poet : Allama Iqbal Baluchistan with capital Quetta. NWFP with capital Peshawar. Punjab with capital Lahore. Sind with capital Karachi. ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 3) Addresses of Pakistan Embassy & Consulates in U.S. Telephone FAX Address CHANCERY (202)939-6200 (202)387-0484 2315 Massachusetts Ave. N.W. Washington DC. 20008 ANNEXE: (202)939-6205 (202)387-0578 2201 "R" St., NW A) Education Division Washington, DC. 20008 B) Finance & Accounts C) Food & Agriculture COMMERCIAL (202)939-6585 (202)939-6587 1825 Connecticut Ave. N.W. Suite-217 Washington, DC. 20009 CONSULATE GENERAL (New York) Mr. Iqbal Ahmad Khan ( Consul General ) (212)879-5800 (212)517-6987 12 East 65th St. New York, N.Y. 10021 CONSULATE GENERAL (Los Angeles) Mr. Aziz Ahmad Khan ( Consul General ) (310)-441-5114 (310)-441-9256 10850 Wilshire Blvd. Suite - 1100 Los Angeles, CA. 90024 Courtesy: Pakistan News Service ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 4) Pakistan Government Listing 1/10/94 The following is an official list of the Government of Pakistan: PRESIDENT Mr. Farooq Ahmad Khan Leghari PRIME MINISTER Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto MINISTERS Mr. Aftab Shahban Mirani Defence Sardar Aseff Ahmad Ali Foreign Affairs Brig. (Retd) Muhammad Asghar Industries, Production Maj. Genl. (Retd) Nasirullah Khan Babar Interior Mr. Mohammad Afzal Khan States and Frontier Regions Syed Iqbal Haider Law, Justice, Parliamentary Aff. Dr. Sher Afghan Khan Niazi Social Welfare, Special Education MINISTERS OF STATE Ch. Ahmed Mukhtar Commerce Mr. Safdar Abbas Zaidi Pakistan Investment Board ADVISER TO THE PRIME MINISTER Mr. V. A. Jafarey Finance and Economic Affairs SPECIAL ASSISTANTS Mrs. Shahnaz Wazir Ali Social Sector Mr. Shahid Hasan Khan Economic Sector Mr. Hussain Haqqani Press Assistant Courtesy: Pakistan News Service PAKISTAN@ASUACAD.BITnet ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 5) Information on Remitting Money to Pakistan Money may be sent through a Bank Draft written or a wire transfer. Fees vary depending on your local bank. Average Bank Draft $15, Average Wire Transfer $ 35. Wire Transfer takes five working days as opposed to two months for a bank draft. ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 6) FTP sites for Info on Pakistan [gifs, info etc] Pictures of Pakistan in gif format & general info on Pakistan is kept on the following FTP site: ftp.ugcs.caltech.edu IP # (131.215.139.82, 131.215.134.135) Login: anonymous Password: anything directory: cd /pub/gifs/Pakistan Courtesy: Pakistan News Service PAKISTAN@ASUACAD.BITnet ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 7) Pakistani Newspapers / Magazine Subscriptions Pakistani Newspapers & Magazines including The Dawn, Jang, Nation, Herald etc are available by: Asian Publications P.O. Box 580 Elmsford, N.Y. 10523 Tel: 914-429-5577 Courtesy: Pakistan News Service PAKISTAN @ ASUACAD.BITnet ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 8) Pakistan News Service [News & Info on Pakistan] The latest News & Information on Pakistan is provided by Pakistan News Service (PNS), an independent volunteer effort. The variety of services vary from news bulletin to receipes of Pakistani food to database on Pakistanis. The news compiled in a newsletter form is distributed through LISTSERVs in Arizona & Pennsylvania on average thrice a week. The informational files are available on LISTSERV at ASUACAD and on FTP site at ftp.ugcs.caltech.edu. PNS CONTACT ADDRESS: PAKISTAN @ ASUACAD.BITnet The following is a reference guide on services provided by Pakistan News Service. T H E P A K I S T A N N E W S S E R V I C E __________________________________________________________________ A QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE _______________________ BASIC CONCEPTS: a. Email addresses of Pakistan News Service are: PAKISTAN@ASUACAD.BITnet pakistan@asuvm.inre.asu.edu PAKISTAN@PSUVM.BITnet pakistan@psuvm.psu.edu Any contributions of News/Articles/comments may be sent to any of the above email addresses. b. A number of services are handled automagically by the LISTSERV. c. These services include: SUB PAKISTAN name - Subscribe to Pakistan News Service (PNS) SIGNOFF PAKISTAN - Cancel Subscription to PNS SET PAKISTAN NOMAIL - Put subscription on hold SET PAKISTAN MAIL - Re-activate subscription INDEX PAKISTAN - Get listing of files available thorough PNS GET PAKISTAN filename - Get a copy of available file named 'filename' d. To use the LISTSERV services: Step 1: Send email to: LISTSERV@ASUACAD.BITnet Step 2: 'Subject' field is optional (can be left blank) Step 3: List the appropriate service (listed in 'c') as text of your email. e. Example: To subscribe from a unix machine my screen should look as follows: __________________________________________________________________ % mail listserv@asuacad.bitnet Subject: subscription to PNS SUB PAKISTAN Asim Mughal <CTRL-D> % _________________________________________________________________ f. Accessing Pakistan News Service forums thru USENET. As of Oct 1, '93. PNS forums are available thru usenet as: bit.listserv.pakistan bit.listserv.pns-l bit.listserv.muslims To access: On Unix machines: type: 'rn' or 'trn' go <name> On VAX/VMS : type: 'VNEWS' If USENET is not available on your site or your site doesn't get PNS forums, please contact your system administrator and request for PNS forums to be available. ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 9) Network Domains In Pakistan Last Updated: May 10, 1993 NETWORK DOMAINS IN PAKISTAN 1. Ali Medical Complex, Lahore ali.com.pk 2. Mail Hub for Karachi khi.imran.ar.pk 3. Sajid Group of Schools, Lahore sajid.edu.pk 4. University of Engineering & Technology Lahore uet.edu.pk 5. B.R.A.I.N. Inc brain.com.pk 6. Lahore Univ.of Management Sciences lums.edu.pk Courtesy: Pakistan News Service Pakistan@Asuacad.bitnet ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 10) Electronic Services to Pakistan [Email/Fax etc] DISCLAIMER: The following is for information only. No warrantees or guarantees are being made. Author has no affiliation with any of the listed organization. OVERVIEW: There are two private enterprises which offer electronic services to Pakistan. Both of them are listed below. A. I.M.R.A.N B. BRAIN A - I.M.R.A.N SUMMARY OF INTERNET RELATED AND EMAIL BASED SERVICES FOR PAKISTAN ================================================================= DISCLAIMER: The following is provided for information only. No warrantees or guarantees are being made. Please use it at your own risk -Asim BASIC EMAIL: Nodes in Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad & Sialkot. CORPORATE/GROUP/SUB-DOMAIN EMAIL: High volume users. CORPORATE/HEAVY VOLUME DATA TRANSFER: One way to Pakistan. POSTAL EMAIL TO PAKISTAN: Email sent printed in Pakistan & sent thru postal services [POST-PAK] POSTAL EMAIL *FROM* PAKISTAN: Email received from Pakistan is printed out and sent by Mail [INTER-MAIL] Disclaimer: Info provided by Imran Anwar (imran@panix.com) ---- B. BRAIN >Date: Sun, 06 Nov 1994 04:54:00 +0500 >Subject: BRAIN Net ---- E-Mail /UseNet services to/from Pakistan Dear Friends !!! Brain NET is offering following Services in Pakistan: 1. Internet Email. 2. Free Email within Pakistan. 3. Free International USENET News Feeds. (Selected) 4. Free Access to 80,000 Softwares. 5. Free Local USENET Style News Feeds From different Educational Institutes of Pakistan. Brain Net covers following Cities: 1. Lahore. 2. Karachi. 3. Islamabad. 4. Sialkot Delivery Speed: 3-6 Hours !!! (and reducing ...) Registeration : Rs. 1000/Year (Single User) Rs. 3500/Year (Companies More than 1 User) Internet Rates: All local services are FREE except International Emails which at the moment are Rs. 10/KB. We are also working on slow priority mails which will be charged @ Rs. 5/KB (Delivery Speed 30 Hours) !!! Other Services: Email to Fax : Rs. 15/KB Email to Surface Mail : Rs. 12/KB Notes : Please send the contact numbers of your friends or relatives whom you want to contact via Email, our representative will contact them and help them getting email service in Pakistan. Fore More Info: Basit Alvi (Sys Admin Brain NET) Brain Computer Services. 730-Nizam Block, Allama Iqbal Town, Lahore. Phones: 541-4444 (4 Lines) Fax : 92-42-7581126 Email : info@brain.com.pk Modem : 7830791 (7-Lines) P.S. Please distribute this information to others!!! PAKISTAN ZINDABAD !!!!!!!!! ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 11) Rates & Charges of Electronic Services to Pakistan. DISCLAIMER: The following is provided for information only. No warrantees or guarantees are being made. Please use it at your own risk -Asim Dated: August 1993 Cost of a Modem in Pakistan: Rs 3,000 to Rs 30,000 Installation Cost of Email : NIL Contact for Email Installation: imran@panix.com or a9@btr.com U.S.A 830847 Lahore 455-9448 Karachi Voice becomes 583-0847 from 83-0847 Fax becomes 583-0111 from 83-0111 Data becomes 583-8801 from 83-8801 Outgoing messages to international internet addresses or other cities are billed per 1000 characters [including spaces!]. Incoming messages from the same city or from another Pakistani city are not charged at all. Users only pay for mail coming in from international locations. e.g. a Lahore internet user will not pay to receive email from another user in Lahore or Karachi or Islamabad, but will be charged for email coming from USA, or other international locations. These rates also are per 1000 characters. These rates have fallen as much as 70%. There is a minimum monthly charge of Rs 250/- ELECTRONIC MAIL RATE CARD W.E.F. AUGUST 1993 FOR USERS IN PAKISTAN ================================================================== (FIGURES IN PARANTHESES SHOW REDUCTION OVER EXISTING RATES) ACCOUNT MONTHLY OUTGOING Add'l INCOMING TYPES MINIMUM MESSAGES 1000 MESSAGES INT'l & chrctrs INT'L ONLY DOMESTIC outgoing /1000 chrs (PakRs) /1000 ch INDIVIDUAL Light 250 10 5 (50%) 5 (50%) Heavy 500 5 (50%) 3 (70%) 3 (70%) BUSINESS Light 500 10 5 (50%) 5 (50%) Heavy 1000 5 (50%) 3 (70%) 3 (70%) Please remember that the "incoming" email rates are only charged on INTERNET email from outside Pakistan. $200 per MegaByte for heavy users 500K-1MB per week $150 per Megabyte for heavier users 1MB-4MB per week POST-PAK internet email to Pak Post mail server $2 first page (2000 character) INTER-MAIL Pak Mail to Internet Email server Rs. 100 per 2000 characters EMail to Fax Service In Pakistan: One page letter (2K text) $4.00 Two pages (4K text) $7.00 Three pages (6K text) $9.00 NOTE: These rates are for faxes going to cities OTHER than Lahore. The rates for Lahore ONLY are $2, $3, and $4 respectively for the above. ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 12) Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah - The Founder of Pakistan QUAID-E-AZAM -- The Founder of Pakistan. Amjad Shah <S.A.H.S.Shah1@lut.ac.uk> Baba-e Qaum, Quaid-e Azam Muhammad Ali Jinah was born in Karachi on December the 25th, 1876, in a building known as Wazir Mansion. He got his early education at Karachi and Bombay. He did his barristery from England. He saw the name of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) on the top of the gate of Lincoln's Inn. So he decided to study there. After his return, Jinah started his practice in barristery. He joined All India National Congress in 1906. He attended for the first time a meeting of All India Muslim League in 1912. Later he Joined All India Muslim League in 1913. The third political party he joined was the Home Rule League. He was member of both the Congress and Muslim League at the same time. Initially he remained working with the Hindu leaders of Congress. He was given the title of "Ambassador of Hindu Muslim Unity" by prominent politicians. With the passage of time he realised that the Hindu leaders of Congress have a different agenda. He left Congress and became fully involved with Muslim League. Jinah was a man of principles. He was probably the only person among all the big leaders of the subcontinent, who never went to jail. His motto was: Unity, Faith and Discipline. When Muslim League finally decided to have a separate country for Muslims of the subcontinent, it was the leadership of Jinah which led the nation to achieve this goal. Because of these leadership qualities and his firm stand on the issue, Britishers found no way to reject the demand of Muslims of the subcontinent for a separate homeland. He took charge as the first Governor General of Pakistan on 14th of August 1947 in a ceremony at Karachi. India never took risk of invading Hyderabad or Junagarh in his life. Jinah died on September the 11th, 1948, at Ziarat near Quetta. He was buried in Karachi. His tomb is a beautiful piece of architecture and is worth visiting. ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 13) Allama Iqbal - The National Poet of Pakistan ALLAMA IQBAL --- by Amjad Shah Hakeem-ul-Ummat Shaair-e-Mashriq Dr. Sir Allama Muhammad Iqbal was born in Sialkot on November the 9th, 1877. He got his school and college education from Sialkot. He got his B.A. and M.A. from Government College Lahore. He got Gold Medal in M.A. Philosophy from University of the Punjab. During his studies, his personality was influenced by Maulvi Mir Hasan (one of his school teachers) and Prof. Arnold (his teacher of philosophy at Government College Lahore and later at Cambridge). Iqbal started his career as Reader (a teaching grade below professorship) in Arabic at Government College Lahore. During this time he wrote a first ever book on islamic economics in Urdu. By the time he was a popular poet in the literary circles of Lahore. Iqbal Stayed in Europe from 1903 to 1907 for higher studies. He studied at Cambridge (England) and Munich (Germany). Finally he got his PhD degree from Munich University. The title of his thesis was "The Development of Metaphysics in Persia". Once, during his stay in Europe Iqbal decided to stop saying poetry in Urdu at all and to say in Persian only. Because there were ready made compound words in Persian and it was much easier to describe one's thoughts in Persian as compared with Urdu. On the request of some Muslim Scholars, he refrain from doing so. They told him that his audience is hindi, so he must write in Urdu as well, so that maximum people can benefit from his visualizations. He also did barristery during his stay at Europe. After his return to Lahore, he was an advocate at Lahore High Court. Now he was a very popular poet. In the fund raising public meetings of the charity Anjuman-e Himaeyat-e Islam, his poems like "Naala-e Yateem", "Shikwah" and "Jawab-e Shikwah" were sold as high as Rs. 50/- per copy. Iqbal in his political career, joined All India Muslim League. He also participated two out of three round table conferences at London. In 1930 he presided over the Annual Convention of All India Muslim League in Allah Abad. In his famous presidential address he told the nation that he is seeing a muslim rule in the muslim majority areas soon to be established. This is also known as the dream of Iqbal, which became reality as Pakistan in 1947. Iqbal died in Lahore on April the 21st, 1938, after an illness of about four months. He is buried near the footsteps of the Badshahi Mosque Lahore. His desire was that his age should not be more than the age of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH). His poetry books are: Urdu -- Baal-e Jibreel, Baang-e Dara, Zarb-e Kaleem, Armaghan-e Hijaz (This book is both in Urdu and Persian) Persian -- Asrar-e Khudi, Ramooz-e Be-khudi, Piyaam-e Mashriq, P'as Cheh Baa-eyad Kard ai Aqwaam-e Sharq, Javed Nameh, Armaghan-e Hijaz. ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 14) Telephone Area Codes for All Cities From: al369@FreeNet.Carleton.CA (Ayub Gaya) 92 Pakistan 21 Karachi 221 Hyderabad 221 Tando Adam 224 Tando Mohammad Khan 229 Dadu 23 Mirpur Hkas 241 Nawab-Shah 27 Uthal 29 Thatta 411 Faisalabad 42 Lahore 431 Gujranwala 432 Sialkot 4331 Gujrat 441 Sahiwal 442 Okara 448 Main Channu 451 Sargodha 459 Mianwali 47 Jhang 492 Kasur 4931 Qila Shiekhupura 51 Islamabad 51 Rawalpindi 521 Peshawar 522 Kohat 5231 Noshera 528 Bannu 529 Khan D.I. 531 Mardan 536 Mingora 536 Saidu Sharif, Swat 572 Gilgit 58 Muzaffarabad 5921 Abbottabad 593 Murree 5941 Jhelum 595 Haripur 596 Taxila 61 Multan 621 Bahawalpur 631 Bahawainagar 64 Khan D.G. 692 Khanewal 71 Sukkur 721 Jacobabad 731 Rahimyar Khan 741 Larkana 752 Moro 792 Kaipur 81 Quetta 83 Sibi 87 Khuzdar ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 15) Currency Exchange Rates for Pakistani Rupees Dated: Wed, 02 Mar 1994 Australia dlr .7130 .7133 1.4025 1.4019 China yuan .1149 .1148 8.7046 8.7046 HongKong dlr .1294 .1294 7.7287 7.7263 India rupee .0322 .0321 31.09 31.09 Indo'sa rupia .000466 .000466 2144.04 2144.04 Japan yen .009565 .009569 104.55 104.50 Japan 1-mo .009575 .009579 104.44 104.39 Japan 3-mo .009600 .009603 104.17 104.14 Japan 6-mo .009646 .009647 103.67 103.65 N.Zealand dlr .5759 .5758 1.7365 1.7367 Pakistn rupee .0330 .0330 30.33 30.33 P'pnes peso .0367 .0367 27.25 27.25 Singapore dlr .6317 .6323 1.5830 1.5815 S.Africa rand .2896 .2879 3.4525 3.4738 S.Korea won .001238 .001237 808.00 808.00 Taiwan dollar .0378 .0377 26.49 25.29 ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 16) Mailing Lists: "Pak-scholars" & "Pak-students" By: Ihsan Khan <I.Khan@cs.ucl.ac.uk> June 25, 1994 We are pleased to inform you that with the help of Education Attache, High Commission for Pakistan, London. two mailing lists "PAK-SCHOLARS" & "PAK-STUDENTS" have been setup. The PAK-SCHOLARS list is exclusively for the scholars sponsored by the Govt. of Pakistan. PAK-STUDENTS list is opened to all other Pakistani students and researchers. The idea behind both lists is to provide a forum to Pakistani students on which they can cooperate and help each other (e.g getting technical subject advice, admission, funding, etc.). GOP scholars studying in UK will receive information on PAK-SCHOLARS from the Education Attache, High Commission for Pakistan, London as well. To subscribe: The Govt. of Pakistan scholars send a mail to PAK-SCHOLARS-REQUEST@ESS.CS.UCL.AC.UK and all other interested Pakistani students send a mail to PAK-STUDENTS-REQUEST@ESS.CS.UCL.AC.UK with Subject : Include me to PAK-SCHOLARS (for GOP scholars) or Include me to PAK-STUDENTS (all others) and give the following information in the message. Full Name : Email Address : Reg.(S&T/EG) No. :(only for GOP scholars) Name of Univ. : Department : Course : Research area : Year of Study : Funding : (e.g. S&T/COT/Common wealth/British consul/ self finance/etc.) Home Institute : (e.g. XXXX UNIV./XXXX COLLEGE /XXXX DEPT./etc.) Introduction : Do you want this info to be posted on MAIL LIST to introduce yourself to other list members. (State YES/NO) Note: GOP scholars should send mail only to PAK-SCHOLARS-REQUEST since they will automaticly be added to PAK-STUDENTS list. In case of any questions please feel free to contact ihasan@cs.ucl.ac.uk or a.mahmood@bay.cc.kcl.ac.uk ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 17) U.S. Immigration Info GENERAL INFO Newsgroup: alt.visa.us Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) are very helpful. There are several parts to it. These documents may be obtained from any of the following sites. Anonymous FTP: 1. SITE: rtfm.mit.edu Directory: /pub/usenet/news.answers/us-visa-faq 2. SITE: ftp.uu.net Directory: /pub/usenet/news.answers/us-visa-faq Files: part1 part2 part3 part4 part5 part6 DV-1 Lottery: Deadline - June 30 1994 Information may be obtained by sending a request to Pakistan News Service (Pakistan@asuacad.bitnet) ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 18) U.S. Embassy/Consulates in Pakistan & Pakistan Visa Info <fahmy@cats.ucsc.edu (Fahmy F Qazi)> This section is from the document '/Internet Resources/US-State-Department-Travel-Advisories/Current-Advisories/pakistan'. STATE DEPARTMENT TRAVEL INFORMATION - Pakistan ============================================================ Pakistan - Consular Information Sheet January 8, 1993 Embassy Location: The U.S. Embassy is located in Islamabad, Diplomatic Enclave, Ramna 5, telephone (92-51) 826-161. The Consular Section is located separately in the USAID building, 18 Sixth Avenue, Ramna 5. In Karachi, the U.S. Consulate General is located at 8 Abdullah Haroon Road, telephone (92-21) 568-5170. In Lahore, the U.S. Consulate General is located on Sharah-E-Abdul Hamid Bin Badees (50 Empress Road), New Simla Hills, telephone (92-42) 365-530. In Peshawar, the U.S. Consulate is located at 11 Hospital Road, Peshawar Cantonment, telephone (92-521) 279-801/2/3. Entry Requirements: A passport and visa are required. The visa must be obtained from a Pakistani embassy or consulate before arrival at the point of entry. Information on entry requirements can be obtained from the Embassy of Pakistan, 2315 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C., 20008; telephone (202) 939-6200. Travelers can also contact the Pakistani Consulate General, 12 East 65th St., New York, NY 10021; telephone (212) 879-5800. ## NEW (Nov 94) ## Effective September 1, 1986 ALL US citizens require visa to visit Pakistan. This includes tourists. Pakistan Visa Fee is: $20.00 ## ## Medical Facilities: Adequate medical care is available in major cities in Pakistan, but may be limited in rural areas. U.S. medical insurance is not always valid outside the United States. Doctors and hospitals often expect immediate payment in cash for treatment. Supplemental health insurance which specifically covers overseas treatment has proved to be useful. Additional information on health problems can be obtained from the Centers for Disease Control's international travelers hotline at (404) 332-4559. Safe Trip Abroad" contains information on safeguarding valuables and protection of personal security which may be of use. It is available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Drug Penalties: Penalties for possession, use or trafficking in illegal drugs are strictly enforced. Convicted offenders can expect jail sentences and fines. Tips For Travelers: The Department of State publication "Tips for Travelers to South Asia" contains general information on the area. It is available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. 20402. Registration: U.S. citizens who register at the U.S. Embassy in Islamabad or the Consulates General in Karachi, Lahore or Peshawar can obtain updated information on travel and security in Pakistan. No. 93-008 ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 19) H-1 Visa Info: Mexico & Canada H-1 VISA INFO: (Juarez Mexico) ------------------------------ By:qqazi@nmsu.edu (Qadeer Ahmed Qazi) 23 May 1994 Information on getting visa in Juarez, Mexico ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Jurez, Mexico is twin city of El Paso, Texas. Reach in El Paso in the evening and in the early morning go to Juarez, Mexico. It is one day project so you can plan to come back in the evening. Juarez is kind of part of USA, you can always come back with valid I-94 if some reason visa is rejected. Mostly not. Be at the consulate at 6:00 AM, take following documents with you: 1) Valid passport 2) One photograph (if color then background should be white) 3) $ 100.00 fee if from India (No fee for Pakistanis) 4) Valid I-20 5) Documents for financial aid 6) Bank statement 7) Transcripts (of last semester) Please do not say that you need visa to go to your home country, because the answer would be simple "go and get new visa from there." Mostly you would be done by 1:00 PM. If you are driving than stay in El Paso and go to Juarez in the morning.There is a secure parking beside consulate with parking fee of $3.00. If you are flying into El Paso, then reach early and you can find a motel in Juarez. An experience from a fellow is cited below: ------------------------------------------ 1. a. Juarez time = El Paso time (Mountain) (April - October) b. Juarez time = CST( 1 hour ahead of El Paso time in the other months of the year) Lot of people there thought Juarez was 1 hour ahead as this was mentioned so in the old stories. 2. They processed and gave us the visas by 12.30 PM. The old story said visas will be given only after 3.30PM. That could be the case also. So make flight arrangements so that you will have time to kill rather than hurry and/or miss the flight. 3. It might be a good idea to carry an umbrella. There is no shelter outside the consulate. Also, pack your papers in waterproof material. 4. At the now famous 'Econo Lodge' they have a little discount for AAA members. 5. Econo Lodge number is 778 3311. Call from airport and they will pick you up. 6. It is cheap but conveniently located. 7. You can talk to the front desk and they will arrange the transport to the consulate. In fact, the lady at the front desk called and arranged a pickup at 3.30 am in the morning, without my haveing to enquire!! In any case you can call Victor Garcia at 525 5341 and make arrangements. He even has a cellular phone. He charged $10/- apiece for 5 of us. 8. Tips about filling application: a. Leave blank what you are not sure about: i. What is the purpose of your visit? ii. How long do you intend to stay in USA? iii. Do you intend to work in the USA(This is NA for H1 applicants)? etc. b. Put your home country address in the applicant's home address. 9. Opposite to the consulate there is are couple of stores which will let you put your stuff in. 10. Yesterday, at the least, the consulate security let us bring in our briefcases or small bags. 11. While coming back ask the Mexican cab to drop you at Mexican side of border post. >From there walk for 5 mts to the INS visa center. Once you get your I-94 go ahead the USA side of the border and cabs will be waiting. 12. Questions asked: a. What is your work? b. Where did you study? H-1 VISA INFO (Canada) ---------------------- By: ajay@albali.cs.buffalo.edu Dec 3, 1993 Having obtained an H1 from Quebec yesterday, I guess I can jot down my experiences here. I have dealt with 3 consulates (Toronto, Ottawa and Quebec) in the past few weeks, and my experiences with each are given below: - Toronto. Effective 15th Nov 1993, the Toronto Consulate will take *5* WORKING days to process your application. So, unless you have friends in Toronto, and don't mind a week's vacation there, avoid Toronto!! - Ottawa. They don't take walk-in applicants. You simply have to fix up an appointment over the phone, and when I called in the early November, they gave me a date for Dec 7th. I'm not sure, but I think they take atleast a day to process your application. - Montreal. I haven't dealt with the Montreal consulate, but rumor has it that they take 3-5 working days also. - Quebec City. They take 48 hours to process your app. They accept applications only on MWF, 9-11AM. Don't bother lining up at 6AM; the consulate opens at 9, and as long as you get in before 11, it should be OK. The aren't that many people waiting to get in anyways. The consulate is located near the end of "Terrasse Dufferin" (the end further away from Chateau Frontenac), and you can see the flag poles sticking out at an angle above the doorways. (No flags on them at nite). I went on a Monday, and there were about 12 people requesting visas that day. However, when I went to pick up my passport on wednesday, I saw only 1 guy handing in his passport. BTW: they simply ignore your pleas to hand back the passport the same day; don't bother even trying unless there are just a couple of people applying for visas. If you are planning a trip to Quebec, I suggest you download the file "StampingH1inNearAbroad" from the alt.visa.us FTP archives, and read the post in there on how to get a visa at Quebec. ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 20) Baby Names! Female: Razia,RabiaRukhi,ruksana,zeba,shamimara,Rubina,Rabia,Sara,Fouzia, Shumaila,Shazia,Shela,Hafza,Fara,Iram,Nadia Male : AMIR,ASIM,ASLAM,ZAKI,ZUBAIR,SULEMAN,SALEM,FARAZ,ASAD,FARHAN Nadir Sohail Shafiq Sohrab Shumail Noor Qarin ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 21) National Anthem of Pakistan (with English Translation) Pakistan National Anthem was adopted in August 1954. An open competition was held among all highly competitive entries the entry of Hafeez Jallundhary was approved by the jury. Cabinet adopted the anthem proposed by Hafeez Jallundhari a couple of days before independence day in 1954. The National anthem of Pakistan is one of the most prestigious ones in the world and is very short. It's duration is only one minute and eight seconds. Following is the Pakistan national anthem: Pak sarzameen shad bad Kishwar-e-Haseen shad bad Tou Nishaan-e-Azm-e-aali shan Arz-e-Pakistan Markaz-e-yaqeen Shad bad Pak sarzameen ka nizaam Qouwat-e-Akhouwat-e-Awam Qaum mulk saltanat Painda tabinda bad Shad bad Manzil-e-murad Parcham-e-Sitara-o-Hilal Rahbar-e-Tarakkeey-o-Kamal Tarjumaan-e-mazee-shaan-e-Hal Jan-e-Istaqbal Saaya-e-Khuda-e-zuljalal ____________________________________________________________________________ English Translation of Pakistan National Anthem:................ Asim Mughal Blessed be the sacred land Happy be the bounteous realm Symbol of high resolve Land of Pakistan Blessed be thou of faith The Order of this sacred land is the might of the brotherhood of the people May the nation, the country, and the state Shine in glory everlasting Blessed be the goal of our ambition This flag of Crescent and Star Leads the way to progress and perfection Interpreter of our past glory of our present Inspiration of our future, Symbol of Almighty's protection Courtesy: Text: Pakistan News Service (Pakistan@Asuacad) Included per request of Amjad Shah. ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 22) World Wide Web Home Pages on Pakistan A- http://www.egr.uh.edu/~escco/Pakistan.html By Fazia Rizvi (st156@jetson.uh.edu) B- http://www.rpi.edu/~ansars/paksa_locker/pak_mosaic/pakistan.html By Salman Ansari (ansars@rpi.edu) C- http://www.wam.umd.edu/~ghori/ By Ghanzanfar Khan Gori (ghori@wam.umd.edu) D- http://cuda3.me.mtu.edu:8023/home/maxwell-a.ee/kmushtaq/.mosaic/pakistan/pakistan.html By Kamran Mushtaq (kmushtaq@mtu.edu) ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 23) USENET Statistics on Soc.Culture.Pakistan Per May '94 USENET statistics: Ranking: 316/3135 Estimated Readership: 100,000 April '94: 283/3190 ; 110,000 readership ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ ------- Subject: 24) This FAQ: Archive Info, History & Credits ARCHIVE INFO: This FAQ is archived & availble thru anonymous FTP & world-wide web. Anonymous FTP: 1. SITE: rtfm.mit.edu Directory: /pub/usenet/news.answers/pakistan-faq.Z 2. SITE: ftp.uu.net Directory: /pub/usenet/news.answers/pakistan-faq.Z Word-Wide Web: ------------- URL for USENET FAQs: http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/top.html URL for this FAQ: http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/pakistan-faq/faq.html HISTORY: V 1.0 Released Dec 25, 1993 V 1.1 Released Jan 31, 1994 Expanded to 11 Items, new items: #3,#9,#10,#11 V 1.2 Released Feb 18, 1994 New items in # 11, # 12 Total items 13 V 1.3 Released Mar 10, 1994 New Items in # 11, # 13. Total items 15 V 1.4 Released Apr 04, 1994 New item # 14, Total items 16 V 1.5 Released Apr 29, 1994 Format Touchups V 1.6 Released May 06 1994 New items # 1 & # 17 [Auto posting] V 1.7 Released May 06 1994 V 1.8 Released Jun 26 1994 New item #16,#17,#18.Addtions to #21. V 1.9 Released July 04 1994 New item # 18 & #21, #22 updated V 2.0 Released Nov 18 1994 Expanded # 10, #18, New # 22 CREDITS: As noted by each item. End of Soc.Culture.Pakistan FAQ ******************************** -------